SEC Filing | MeiraGTx

Three-Month Periods Ended June 30,

Research and development

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2024

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-38520

MeiraGTx Holdings plc

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)


Cayman Islands		98-1448305
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

450 East 29^th Street, 14^th Floor
New York, NY		10016
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (646) 860-7985

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address, and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class		Trading Symbol(s)		Name of each exchange on which registered
Ordinary Shares, $0.00003881 par value per share		MGTX		The Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐		Accelerated filer ☐

Non-accelerated filer ☒		Small reporting company ☒

		Emerging growth Company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of July 25, 2024, the registrant had 64,898,918 ordinary shares, $0.00003881 par value per share, outstanding.

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Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Form 10-Q”) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained in this Form 10-Q that do not relate to matters of historical fact should be considered forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, statements regarding expectations regarding meetings with global regulatory authorities and the FDA, product pipeline, anticipated product benefits, goals and strategic priorities, product candidate development and status and expectations relating to clinical trials, growth expectations or targets, pre-clinical and clinical data expectations and expectations related to financing arrangements and the intended use of proceeds thereunder, as well as statements that include the words “expect,” “will,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “project,” “forecast,” “estimate,” “may,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “continue,” “anticipate” and similar statements of a future or forward-looking nature. These forward-looking statements are based on management’s current expectations. These statements are neither promises nor guarantees, but involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, the important factors discussed under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this Form 10-Q. These and other important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by the forward-looking statements made in this Form 10-Q. Any such forward-looking statements represent management’s estimates as of the date of this Form 10-Q. While we may elect to update such forward-looking statements at some point in the future, unless required by law, we disclaim any obligation to do so, even if subsequent events cause our views to change. Thus, one should not assume that our silence over time means that actual events are bearing out as expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our views as of any date subsequent to the date of this Form 10-Q.

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Risk Factor Summary

We are providing the following summary of the principal risk factors contained in this Form 10-Q to enhance the readability and accessibility of our risk factor disclosures. We encourage you to carefully review in their entirety the full risk factors set forth in the section of this Form 10-Q captioned “Part II—Item 1A. Risk Factors” for additional information regarding the material factors that make an investment in our ordinary shares speculative or risky. These risks and uncertainties include, among others, the following:

●

We have incurred significant losses since inception and anticipate that we will incur continued losses for the foreseeable future, and may never achieve or maintain profitability.

●

There is no guarantee that we will receive in a timely fashion or at all the additional milestone payments contemplated under the Asset Purchase Agreement or the revenues associated with our manufacture of the commercial supply of the RPGR Product under the Supply Agreement.

●

We will require additional capital to fund our operations, which may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.

●

We may not have sufficient cash flows or cash on hand to satisfy our debt obligations or covenants under our financing arrangements, or we may not be able to effectively manage our business in compliance with such covenants.

●

Our review of potential strategic transactions may not result in an executed or consummated transaction or other strategic alternative and may not result in anticipated benefits to us or our shareholders, and the process of reviewing strategic transactions or its conclusion could be disruptive and distracting to our business operations and management.

●

We are heavily dependent on the success of our product candidates, which are still in development, and if none of them receive regulatory approval or are successfully commercialized, our business may be harmed.

●

It is difficult to predict the time and cost of product candidate development on our novel gene therapy platform. Very few gene therapies have been approved in the United States or in Europe.

●

Because gene therapy is novel and the regulatory landscape that governs any product candidates we may develop is uncertain and may change, we cannot predict the time and cost of obtaining regulatory approval, if we receive it at all, for any product candidates we may develop.

●

Clinical trials are expensive, time-consuming, difficult to design and implement, and involve an uncertain outcome. Further, we may encounter substantial delays in our clinical trials.

●

The affected populations for our product candidates may be smaller than we or third parties currently project, which may affect the addressable markets for our product candidates.

●

We and our contract manufacturers for plasmid are subject to significant regulation with respect to manufacturing our products. Our manufacturing facilities and the third-party manufacturing facilities which we rely on may not continue to meet regulatory requirements and have limited capacity.

●

Enacted and future healthcare legislation may increase the difficulty and cost for us to obtain marketing approval of and commercialize our product candidates and may affect the prices we may set.

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●

We are subject to regulation and other legal obligations relating to data privacy and protection. Compliance with these requirements is complex and costly. The actual or perceived failure to comply with such obligations could materially harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

●

We face significant competition in an environment of rapid technological change, and there is a possibility that our competitors may achieve regulatory approval before us or develop therapies that are safer or more advanced or effective than ours, which may harm our financial condition and our ability to successfully market or commercialize any product candidates we may develop.

●

We depend on proprietary technology licensed from others. If we lose our existing licenses or are unable to acquire or license additional proprietary rights from third parties, we may not be able to continue developing our product candidates.

●

If we are unable to obtain and maintain patent protection for our technology and product candidates or if the scope of the patent protection obtained is not sufficiently broad, we may not be able to compete effectively in our markets.

●

We may need to expand our organization, and we may experience difficulties in managing this growth, which could disrupt our operations.

●

Our future success depends on our ability to retain our key personnel and to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel.

Preliminary Notes

Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this Form 10-Q to “Meira,” “we,” “us”, “our” or “the Company” refer to MeiraGTx Holdings plc and its subsidiaries.

We have proprietary rights to trademarks, trade names and service marks appearing in this Form 10-Q that are important to our business. Solely for convenience, the trademarks, trade names and service marks may appear in this Form 10-Q without the ^® and TM symbols, but any such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we forgo or will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the rights of the applicable licensors to these trademarks, trade names and service marks. All trademarks, trade names and service marks appearing in this Form 10-Q are the property of their respective owners.

iii

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		Page
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	1

Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	1
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statement of Shareholders’ Equity	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statement of Shareholders’ Equity	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	29
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	41
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	42

PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION	43

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	43
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	43
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	100
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	100
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	100
Item 5.	Other Information	100
Item 6.	Exhibits	101
Signatures		102

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PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

MEIRAGTX HOLDINGS PLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)


	June 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	99,974	$	129,566
Accounts receivable - related party		1,628		10,138
Prepaid expenses		4,955		5,625
Tax incentive receivable		3,557		13,277
Other current assets		660		1,016
Total Current Assets		110,774		159,622

Property, plant and equipment, net		108,844		115,896
Intangible assets, net		969		1,118
Restricted cash		1,051		1,083
Other assets		1,139		1,917
Equity method and other investments		6,766		6,766
Right-of-use assets - operating leases, net		13,823		15,910
Right-of-use assets - finance leases, net		23,285		24,432
TOTAL ASSETS	$	266,651	$	326,744

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable	$	21,398	$	16,042
Accrued expenses		16,928		42,639
Lease obligations, current		4,212		4,193
Deferred revenue - related party, current		3,498		2,926
Other current liabilities		970		1,278
Total Current Liabilities		47,006		67,078
Deferred revenue - related party		53,763		34,017
Lease obligations		10,688		12,952
Asset retirement obligations		2,490		2,401
Note payable, net		72,665		72,119
TOTAL LIABILITIES		186,612		188,567
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 11)

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Ordinary Shares, $0.00003881 par value, 1,288,327,750 authorized, 64,684,187 and 63,601,015 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		3		2
Capital in excess of par value		706,943		693,841
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(3,614)		(1,435)
Accumulated deficit		(623,293)		(554,231)
Total Shareholders' Equity		80,039		138,177
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY	$	266,651	$	326,744

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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MEIRAGTX HOLDINGS PLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)


	For the Three-Month Periods Ended June 30,				For the Six-Month Periods Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023

Revenues:
Service revenue - related party	$	282	$	—	$	979	$	—
License revenue - related party		—		3,540		—		6,874
Total revenue		282		3,540		979		6,874
Operating expenses:
General and administrative		11,257		12,388		24,404		25,160
Research and development		34,934		19,937		69,256		42,259
Total operating expenses		46,191		32,325		93,660		67,419
Loss from operations		(45,909)		(28,785)		(92,681)		(60,545)
Other non-operating income (expense):
Foreign currency (loss) gain		(284)		1,905		(819)		5,762
Interest income		827		655		1,924		1,200
Interest expense		(3,254)		(3,355)		(6,504)		(6,415)
Gain on sale of nonfinancial assets		—		—		29,018		—
Fair value adjustment		—		(1)		—		53
Net loss		(48,620)		(29,581)		(69,062)		(59,945)
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation loss		(488)		(2,541)		(2,179)		(4,894)
Comprehensive loss	$	(49,108)	$	(32,122)	$	(71,241)	$	(64,839)

Net loss	$	(48,620)	$	(29,581)	$	(69,062)	$	(59,945)
Basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share	$	(0.76)	$	(0.53)	$	(1.08)	$	(1.15)
Weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding		64,376,396		55,349,534		64,221,145		52,012,382

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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MEIRAGTX HOLDINGS PLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

FOR THE PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2024

(unaudited)

(in thousands, except share amounts)


						Accumulated Other				Total
	Ordinary			Capital in Excess		Comprehensive		Accumulated		Shareholders'
	Shares	Amount		of Par Value		Loss		Deficit		Equity

Balance at December 31, 2023	63,601,015	$	2	$	693,841	$	(1,435)	$	(554,231)	$	138,177
Share-based compensation activity	441,348		—		4,739		—		—		4,739
Issuance of ordinary shares in at-the-market offering	256,328		—		1,586		—		—		1,586
Issuance costs in connection with ordinary shares	—		—		(635)		—		—		(635)
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(1,691)		—		(1,691)
Net loss for the three-month period ended March 31, 2024	—		—		—		—		(20,442)		(20,442)
Balance at March 31, 2024	64,298,691		2		699,531		(3,126)		(574,673)		121,734
Share-based compensation activity	50,000		—		5,810		—		—		5,810
Issuance of ordinary shares in at-the-market offering	335,496		1		1,611		—		—		1,612
Issuance costs in connection with ordinary shares	—		—		(9)		—		—		(9)
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(488)		—		(488)
Net loss for the three-month period ended June 30, 2024	—		—		—		—		(48,620)		(48,620)
Balance at June 30, 2024	64,684,187	$	3	$	706,943	$	(3,614)	$	(623,293)	$	80,039

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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MEIRAGTX HOLDINGS PLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

FOR THE PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2023

(unaudited)

(in thousands, except share amounts)


						Accumulated Other				Total
	Ordinary			Capital in Excess		Comprehensive		Accumulated		Shareholders'
	Shares	Amount		of Par Value		Income (Loss)		Deficit		Equity

Balance at December 31, 2022	48,477,209	$	2	$	581,893	$	6,047	$	(470,204)	$	117,738
Share-based compensation activity	209,054		—		5,201		—		—		5,201
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(2,353)		—		(2,353)
Net loss for the three-month period ended March 31, 2023	—		—		—		—		(30,364)		(30,364)
Balance at March 31, 2023	48,686,263		2		587,094		3,694		(500,568)		90,222
Share-based compensation activity	35,000		—		7,271		—		—		7,271
Issuance of shares in connection with private placement	10,773,913		—		61,950		—		—		61,950
Issuance costs in connection with ordinary shares	—		—		(4,003)		—		—		(4,003)
Issuance of shares in connection with asset acquisition	40,138		—		209		—		—		209
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(2,541)		—		(2,541)
Net loss for the three-month period ended June 30, 2023	—		—		—		—		(29,581)		(29,581)
Balance at June 30, 2023	59,535,314	$	2	$	652,521	$	1,153	$	(530,149)	$	123,527

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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MEIRAGTX HOLDINGS PLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited)

(in thousands)


	For the Six-Month Periods Ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(69,062)	$	(59,945)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Share-based compensation expense		12,770		13,703
Foreign currency loss (gain)		819		(5,762)
Depreciation and amortization		6,497		6,339
Net change in right-of-use assets and liabilities		(100)		(104)
Loss on disposal of equipment, furniture and fixtures		434		—
Amortization of interest on asset retirement obligations		97		89
Amortization of debt discount		546		538
Fair value adjustment		—		(53)
Gain on sale of nonfinancial assets		(29,018)		—
(Increase) decrease in operating assets:
Accounts receivable - related party		7,764		(10,552)
Prepaid expenses		654		198
Tax incentive receivable		9,586		—
Other current assets		905		196
Other assets, net		632		(15)
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities:
Accounts payable		5,670		13,072
Accrued expenses		(24,928)		(17,234)
Deferred revenue - related party		20,537		(6,874)
Net cash used in operating activities		(56,197)		(66,404)

Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property, plant and equipment		(3,007)		(13,580)
Proceeds from sale of nonfinancial assets		29,018		—
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		26,011		(13,580)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Payments of withholdings on shares withheld for income taxes		(2,221)		(1,231)
Proceeds from the issuance of ordinary shares		3,198		61,950
Issuance costs in connection with ordinary shares		(644)		(4,003)
Net cash provided by financing activities		333		56,716

Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(29,853)		(23,268)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		229		525
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of the period		130,649		115,516
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of the period	$	101,025	$	92,773

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash transactions:
Fixed asset acquisition included in accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	1,181	$	2,385
Issuance of shares in connection with asset acquisition	$	—	$	209
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	5,891	$	6,989

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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MEIRAGTX HOLDINGS PLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Organization and Basis of Presentation

The Company

MeiraGTx Holdings plc and subsidiaries (the “Company” or “Meira Holdings”), an exempted company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands, is a vertically integrated, clinical-stage genetic medicines company with a broad pipeline of late-stage clinical programs supported by end-to-end manufacturing capabilities. The Company has an internally developed manufacturing platform process, internal plasmid production for good manufacturing practices (“GMP”), two GMP viral vector production facilities as well as an in-house Quality Control hub for stability and release, all fit for IND through commercial supply. The Company has core capabilities in viral vector design and optimization and a potentially transformative riboswitch gene regulation platform technology that allows for the precise, dose-responsive control of gene expression by oral small molecules. The Company is focusing the riboswitch platform on delivery of metabolic peptides including GLP-1, GIP, glucagon and PYY using oral small molecules, as well as cell therapy for oncology and autoimmune diseases. Although initially focusing on the eye, central nervous system, and salivary gland, the Company has developed the technology to apply genetic medicine to more common diseases, increasing efficacy, addressing novel targets, and expanding access in some of the largest disease areas where the unmet need remains great. The Company also owns and operates a GMP, multi-product, multi-viral vector manufacturing facility in London, United Kingdom (“UK”), which includes fill and finish capabilities and can supply the Company’s clinical and potential commercial material. Additionally, the Company’s second, large scale viral vector manufacturing facility and its first plasmid and DNA production facility in Shannon, Ireland, both of which are designed to meet GMP requirements, came online in 2022.

Asset Purchase and Related Agreements with Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine

On January 30, 2019, the Company entered into a Collaboration, Option and License Agreement with Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine (formally known as Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) (the “Collaboration Agreement”), for the research, development and commercialization of gene therapies for the treatment of inherited retinal diseases (“IRD”). Under the terms of the Collaboration Agreement, the Company received an upfront payment of $100.0 million in March 2019 and a $30.0 million milestone payment in December 2021. The Company also received funding for certain research, manufacturing, clinical development and commercialization costs, and had the potential to obtain additional milestone payments upon the achievement of such milestones and royalties on future net sales of products. On December 20, 2023, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (“Asset Purchase Agreement”) with Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine pursuant to which the Company sold and assigned to Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, and Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine purchased and assumed, that certain License Agreement, dated February 5, 2019, by and between UCL Business Plc (now UCL Business Ltd.) (“UCLB”), on the one hand, and MeiraGTx UK II Limited and MeiraGTx Limited, on the other hand (the “UCLB RPGR License Agreement”), relating to the research, development, manufacture and exploitation of botaretigene sparoparvovec, or bota-vec (formerly referred to as AAV-RPGR), for the treatment of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa related to mutations in the retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator gene, or XLRP-RPGR (the “RPGR Product”), and other related assets as described in the Asset Purchase Agreement. In connection with entering into the Asset Purchase Agreement, the Company entered into a Termination Agreement with Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine terminating the Collaboration Agreement. The Company and Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine also entered into a Supply Agreement on December 20, 2023 (the “Supply Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company agreed to manufacture and supply the RPGR Product for Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine.

Under the Asset Purchase Agreement, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine paid the Company a non-refundable upfront cash payment of $65.0 million in December 2023. Additionally, pursuant to and subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Asset Purchase Agreement, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine agreed to pay the Company future contingent consideration of up to an aggregate of $350.0 million, as follows: (i) a milestone payment of $50.0 million in connection with the achievement of the initiation of the extension study for the Phase 3 LUMEOS clinical trial for the RPGR Product, which milestone was achieved during the first quarter of 2024; (ii) $10.0 million

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upon completion of certain specified development services for the drug substance for the RPGR Product; (iii) $5.0 million upon completion of certain specified development services for the drug product for the RPGR Product; (iv) $175.0 million upon the first commercial sale of an RPGR Product in the United States; (v) $75.0 million upon the first commercial sale of an RPGR Product in at least one of the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Spain and Italy; (vi) $25.0 million upon completion of the transfer of certain manufacturing technology for drug substance and drug product from the Company to Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine; and (vii) $10.0 million upon regulatory approval of a Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine -selected manufacturing facility in each of the United States and European Union for commercial manufacture of the RPGR Product. Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine is also responsible for any royalty or milestone amounts that become payable on the RPGR Product under the UCLB RPGR License Agreement.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative United States generally accepted accounting principles as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”).

Interim Financial Statements

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary in order to make the condensed consolidated financial statements not misleading. Operating results for the six-month period ended June 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 (the “Form 10-K”).

Liquidity

The Company has not yet achieved profitable operations. There is no assurance that profitable operations, if ever achieved, could be sustained on a continuing basis. In addition, development activities, clinical and preclinical testing, and commercialization of the Company’s product candidates will require significant additional financing. The Company’s accumulated deficit at June 30, 2024 totaled $623.3 million, and management expects to incur substantial losses in future periods. The success of the Company is subject to certain risks and uncertainties, including, among others: uncertainty of product development; competition in the Company’s field of use; uncertainty of capital availability; uncertainty in the Company’s ability to enter into agreements with collaborative partners; expanding and protecting the Company’s intellectual property portfolio; dependence on third parties; and dependence on key personnel. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company used $56.2 million in cash flows from operations and there are no assurances that the Company will generate positive cash flows in the future. Additionally, there are no assurances that the Company will be successful in obtaining an adequate level of financing for the development and commercialization of its product candidates.

As of June 30, 2024, the Company had cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the amount of $101.0 million, which consisted of depository accounts and money market accounts held at large international banks. The Company estimates that its cash, cash equivalents on-hand, tax incentive receivable and accounts receivable – related party at June 30, 2024, will be sufficient to cover its expenses for at least the next twelve months from the date of issuance of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Risks and Uncertainties

The Company operates in an industry that is subject to intense competition, government regulation and rapid technological change. The Company’s operations are subject to significant risk and uncertainties including financial, operational, technological, regulatory and other risks, including the potential risk of business failure.

The Company’s capital resources and operations to date have been funded primarily with the proceeds from the Collaboration Agreement, Asset Purchase Agreement and private and public equity offerings, as well as the proceeds from the debt financing described in Note 10. In the future, the Company may seek to raise additional capital through equity offerings, debt financings, marketing and distribution arrangements and other collaborations, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements or other sources to enable it to complete the development and potential commercialization of its product candidates.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Certain of the Company’s significant accounting policies are described below. All of the Company’s significant accounting policies are disclosed in the notes to the audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in the Company’s Form 10-K.

Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Meira Holdings and its wholly owned subsidiaries:

MeiraGTx Limited, a limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales;

MeiraGTx, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Meira LLC”);

MeiraGTx UK II Limited, a limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (“Meira UK II”);

MeiraGTx Ireland DAC, a designated activity company incorporated under the laws of Ireland (“Meira Ireland”);

MeiraGTx Netherlands, B.V., a private company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands (“Meira Netherlands”);

MeiraGTx Belgium, a private company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of Belgium (“Meira Belgium”);

BRI-Alzan, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“BRI-Alzan”);

MeiraGTx Bio, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Meira Bio”);

MeiraGTx B.V., a private company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands (“Meira B.V.”);

MeiraGTx Neurosciences, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Meira Neuro”);

MeiraGTx Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Meira Therapeutics”); and

MeiraGTx UK Limited, a limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (“Meira UK”).

All intercompany balances and transactions between the consolidated companies have been eliminated in consolidation.

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Use of Estimates

Management considers many factors in selecting appropriate financial accounting policies and controls, and in developing the estimates and assumptions that are used in the preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements. Management must apply significant judgment in this process. In addition, other factors may affect estimates, including expected business and operational changes, sensitivity and volatility associated with the assumptions used in developing estimates, and whether historical trends are expected to be representative of future trends. The estimation process often may yield a range of potentially reasonable estimates of the ultimate future outcomes and management must select an amount that falls within that range of reasonable estimates. This process may result in actual results differing materially from those estimated amounts used in the preparation of the financial statements if these results differ from historical experience, or other assumptions do not turn out to be substantially accurate, even if such assumptions are reasonable when made. In preparing these condensed consolidated financial statements, management used significant estimates in the following areas, among others: collaboration revenue, fair value of nonfinancial assets, stand-alone selling price and material rights in connection with the Asset Purchase and Supply Agreements, the accounting for research and development costs, share-based compensation, leases, asset retirement obligations, fair value of financial instruments and tax incentive receivable.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash represents a guarantee put in place as required by the terms of the research and innovation grant from IDA Ireland which offers financial assistance in establishing the Company’s operations in Shannon, Ireland. The following table provides a reconciliation of the components of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash reported in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets to the total of the amount presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands):


	June 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
Cash and cash equivalents	$	99,974	$	129,566
Restricted cash		1,051		1,083
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows	$	101,025	$	130,649

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or paid upon transfer of a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date and in the principal or most advantageous market for that asset or liability. The fair value should be calculated based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, not on assumptions specific to the entity. In addition, the fair value of liabilities should include consideration of non-performance risk including the Company’s own credit risk.

The Company follows ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, or ASC 820, for application to financial assets and liabilities. In addition to defining fair value, the standard expands the disclosure requirements around fair value and establishes a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three levels based on the extent to which inputs used in measuring fair value are observable in the market. Each fair value measurement is reported in one of the three levels which are determined by the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. These levels are:

●

Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets the reporting entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date;

●

Level 2: Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and

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●

Level 3: Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

The table below represents the values of the Company's financial assets and liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):


	Fair Value Measurement Using:
			Significant		Significant Other		Significant
	June 30,		Observable Inputs		Observable Inputs		Unobservable
Description	2024		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Cash equivalents	$	52,358	$	52,358	$	—	$	—
Restricted cash	$	1,051	$	1,051	$	—	$	—


	Fair Value Measurement Using:
			Significant		Significant Other		Significant
	December 31,		Observable Inputs		Observable Inputs		Unobservable
Description	2023		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Cash equivalents	$	46,868	$	46,868	$	—	$	—
Restricted cash	$	1,083	$	1,083	$	—	$	—

At June 30, 2024, the Company's financial instruments included cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable – related party, and accounts payable. The carrying amounts reported in the Company's consolidated financial statements for these instruments approximates their respective fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. In addition, at June 30, 2024, the Company believed the carrying value of the Tranche 1 Notes (as defined in Note 10) approximates fair value as the interest rate is reflective of the rate the Company could obtain on debt with similar terms and conditions.

Equity Method and Other Investments

The Company accounts for equity investments under the equity method of accounting when the requirements for consolidation are not met, and the Company has significant influence over the operations of the investee. Equity method investments are initially recorded at cost and subsequently adjusted for the Company’s share of net income or loss and cash contributions and distributions and are included in equity method and other investments in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Equity investments that do not result in consolidation and are not accounted for under the equity method are measured at fair value, with any changes in fair value recognized in net income (loss). For any such investments that do not have readily determinable fair values, the Company elects the measurement alternative to measure the investments at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer.

Equity method investments are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If it is determined that a loss in value of the equity method investment is other than temporary, an impairment loss is measured based on the excess of the carrying amount of an investment over its estimated fair value. Impairment analyses are based on current plans, intended holding periods, and available information at the time the analysis is prepared.

Leases

The Company accounts for leases in accordance with FASB standard ASC 842, Leases (“ASC 842”). The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at contract inception. A lease exists when a contract conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant, or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The definition of a lease embodies two conditions: (1) there is an identified asset in the contract that is land or a

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depreciable asset (i.e., property, plant, and equipment), and (2) the Company has the right to control the use of the identified asset. The Company accounts for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.

From time to time the Company enters into direct financing lease arrangements that include a lessee obligation to purchase the leased asset at the end of the lease term, a bargain purchase option, or provides for minimum lease payments with a present value of 90% or more of the fair value of the leased asset at the date of lease inception.

Operating leases where the Company is the lessee are included in right-of-use (“ROU”) assets – operating leases, net and lease obligations on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. The lease obligations are initially and subsequently measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments at the lease commencement date and subsequent reporting periods.

Finance leases where the Company is the lessee are included in ROU assets – finance leases, net and lease obligations on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. The lease obligations are initially measured in the same manner as for operating leases and are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

Key estimates and judgments include how the Company determined (1) the discount rate used to discount the unpaid lease payments to present value, (2) lease term and (3) lease payments.

ASC 842 requires a lessee to discount its unpaid lease payments using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, its incremental borrowing rate. As most of the Company’s leases where it is the lessee do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate for a lease is the rate of interest it would have to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms. The Company uses the implicit rate when readily determinable.

The lease term for all of the Company’s leases includes the non-cancellable period of the lease plus any additional periods covered by either a lessee option to extend (or not to terminate) the lease that is reasonably certain to be exercised, or an option to extend (or not to terminate) the lease controlled by the lessor.

The ROU asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for lease payments made at or before the lease commencement date less any lease incentives received.

For operating leases, the ROU asset is subsequently measured throughout the lease term at the carrying amount of the lease liability, minus any accrued lease payments, less the unamortized balance of lease incentives received. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

For finance leases, the ROU asset is subsequently amortized using the straight-line method from the lease commencement date to the earlier of the end of its useful life or the end of the lease term unless the lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset, or the Company is reasonably certain to exercise an option to purchase the underlying asset. In those cases, the ROU asset is amortized over the useful life of the underlying asset. Amortization of the ROU asset is recognized and presented separately from interest expense on the lease liability.

The Company has elected not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for all short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less at lease commencement. Lease payments associated with short-term leases are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Asset Retirement Obligations

Accounting for asset retirement obligations requires legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets to be recognized at fair value when incurred and capitalized as part of the related long-lived asset. In the absence of quoted market prices, the Company estimates the fair value of its asset retirement obligations using Level 3 present value techniques, in which estimates of future cash flows associated with retirement activities are discounted using a credit-adjusted risk-free rate. Asset retirement obligations currently reported as other liabilities

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on the condensed consolidated balance sheet were measured during a period of historically low interest rates. The impact on measurements of new asset retirement obligations using different rates in the future may be significant.

The Company uses estimates to determine the asset retirement obligations at the end of the lease term and discounts such asset retirement obligations using an estimated discount rate. Interest on the discounted asset retirement obligation is amortized over the term of the lease using the effective interest method and is recorded as interest expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

The change in asset retirement obligations is as follows (in thousands):


	For the Six-Month Periods Ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Balance at beginning of period	$	2,401	$	2,179
Amortization of interest		97		89
Effects of exchange rate changes		(8)		33
Balance at end of period	$	2,490	$	2,301

IDA Ireland Grant

In August 2021, Meira Ireland entered into an agreement pursuant to which it received a grant from IDA Ireland for financial assistance in establishing its operations in Shannon, Ireland. Under the terms of the grant, Meira Ireland is eligible to receive the lesser of €1.0 million or €10,000 for each job created (the “employment grant”) and the lesser of €1.2 million or 4% of the actual expenditure on the provision of machinery and equipment (the “capital grant”). Meira Ireland may apply for a drawdown of the employment grant once a job has been created and the position has been held for a period of at least one month, and may apply for a drawdown of the capital grant once an eligible asset has been purchased and installed, conditioned on the creation of a cumulative number of jobs by the end of the immediately preceding year. An aggregate of 100 jobs must be created to receive the maximum benefit under the capital grant. An application for a drawdown must be accompanied by an audit certification for compliance with the terms of the grant. The Company has a guarantee in place with a bank in favor of IDA Ireland, pursuant to which it restricts cash in the amount of claims made under the grant such that the Company maintains the funds to cover any portion of the grant income that may become repayable in the future. This amount is presented as restricted cash in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. All expenditures must be completed by December 31, 2024, and the agreement terminates on the later of five years from the date of the last payment from the grant or five years from completion of the capital investment, which is expenditure of at least €30.0 million on eligible machinery and equipment.

The Company recognizes grant income when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to the grant and that it will receive the grant. Grant income from the employment grant is recognized as a deduction from the amount of the related expense, and grant income from the capital grant is deducted from the carrying amount of the related asset and recognized in income over the asset’s useful life in the form of a reduced depreciation charge. The Company received its first drawdown under the grant in 2023, which was comprised of $0.6 million (€0.5 million) for the employment grant and $0.4 million (€0.4 million) for the capital grant. The Company did not recognize any grant income during the six-months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.

During the five-year period ending on the termination of the grant agreement, Meira Ireland must maintain compliance with the terms of the grant. If the total number of jobs is less than 100 at the time of IDA Ireland’s annual review, the Company may have to repay a portion of the capital grant, and if a job for which the Company received employment grant funding remains vacant for a period in excess of six calendar months, the Company may have to repay the employment grant received for that job.

Collaboration Arrangements

The Company evaluates its collaborative arrangements pursuant to ASC 808, Collaborative Arrangements (“ASC 808”) and ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). The Company considers the nature and

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contractual terms of collaborative arrangements and assesses whether the arrangement involves a joint operating activity pursuant to which the Company is an active participant and is exposed to significant risks and rewards with respect to the arrangement. If the Company is an active participant and is exposed to significant risks and rewards with respect to the arrangement, the Company accounts for the arrangement as a collaboration under ASC 808. To date, the Company has entered into two separate collaboration agreements, both of which are with Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, which were determined to be within the scope of ASC 808.

ASC 808 does not address recognition or measurement matters related to collaborative arrangements. Payments between participants pursuant to a collaborative arrangement that are within the scope of other authoritative accounting literature on income statement classification are accounted for using the relevant provisions of that literature. If the Company concludes that some or all aspects of the arrangement are within the scope of ASC 808 and do not represent a transaction with a customer, the Company recognizes its allocation of the shared costs incurred with respect to the jointly conducted activities pursuant to ASC 730, Research and Development. If the Company concludes that some or all aspects of the arrangement represent a transaction with a customer, the Company accounts for those aspects of the arrangement within the scope of ASC 606. If the payments are not within the scope of other authoritative accounting literature, the income statement classification for the payments is based on an analogy to authoritative accounting literature or if there is no appropriate analogy, a reasonable, rational and consistently applied accounting policy election. Payments received from a collaboration partner to which this policy applies may include upfront payments in respect of a license of intellectual property, development and commercialization-based milestones, and royalties.

Refer to the discussion in Note 8 for further information related to the accounting for the Collaboration Agreement.

Revenue Recognition

The Company evaluates the promised goods or services to determine which promises, or group of promises, represent performance obligations. In contemplation of whether a promised good or service meets the criteria required of a performance obligation, the Company considers the stage of development of the underlying intellectual property, the capabilities and expertise of the customer relative to the underlying intellectual property, and whether the promised goods or services are integral to or dependent on other promises in the contract. When accounting for an arrangement that contains multiple performance obligations, the Company must develop judgmental assumptions, which may include market conditions, reimbursement rates for personnel costs, development timelines and probabilities of regulatory success to determine the stand-alone selling price for each performance obligation identified in the contract.

When the Company concludes that a contract should be accounted for as a combined performance obligation and recognized over time, the Company must then determine the period over which revenue should be recognized and the method by which to measure revenue. The Company generally recognizes revenue using a cost-based input method.

At inception, the Company determines whether contracts are within the scope of ASC 606 or other topics. For contracts that are determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer or collaborator obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition the Company performs the following five steps:

identify the contract(s) with a customer;

ii.

identify the performance obligations in the contract;

iii.

determine the transaction price;

iv.

allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations within the contract; and

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recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.

The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it determines that it is probable it will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer.

At contract inception, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within the contract to determine whether each promised good or service is a performance obligation. The promised goods or services in the Company’s arrangements typically consist of a license to the Company’s intellectual property and research, development and manufacturing services. The Company may provide options to additional items in such arrangements, which are accounted for as separate contracts when the customer elects to exercise such options, unless the option provides a material right to the customer. Performance obligations are promises in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer that (i) the customer can benefit from on its own or together with other readily available resources, and (ii) is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. Goods or services that are not individually distinct performance obligations are combined with other promised goods or services until such combined group of promises meet the requirements of a performance obligation.

The Company determines transaction price based on the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive for transferring the promised goods or services in the contract. Consideration may be fixed, variable, or a combination of both. At contract inception for arrangements that include variable consideration, the Company estimates the probability and extent of consideration it expects to receive under the contract utilizing either the most likely amount method or expected amount method, whichever best estimates the amount expected to be received. The Company then considers any constraints on the variable consideration and includes in the transaction price variable consideration to the extent it is deemed probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.

The Company then allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation based on the relative standalone selling price and recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) control is transferred to the customer and the performance obligation is satisfied. For performance obligations which consist of licenses and other promises, the Company utilizes judgment to assess the nature of the combined performance obligation to determine whether the combined performance obligation is satisfied over time or at a point in time and, if over time, the appropriate method of measuring progress. The Company evaluates the measure of progress each reporting period and, if necessary, adjusts the measure of performance and related revenue recognition.

If there are multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation based on their estimated standalone selling prices (“SSP”). The Company estimates the SSP for each performance obligation by considering information such as market conditions, entity-specific factors, and information about its customer that is reasonably available. The Company considers estimation approaches that allow it to maximize the use of observable inputs. These estimation approaches may include the adjusted market assessment approach, the expected cost plus a margin approach or the residual approach. The Company also considers whether to use a different estimation approach or a combination of approaches to estimate the SSP for each performance obligation. Developing certain assumptions (e.g., treatable patient population, expected market share, probability of success and product profitability, and discount rate based on weighted-average cost of capital) to estimate the SSP of a performance obligation requires significant judgment.

The Company records amounts as accounts receivable when the right to consideration is deemed unconditional. When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded as deferred revenue.

Amounts received prior to satisfying the revenue recognition criteria are recognized as deferred revenue in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet. Amounts expected to be recognized as revenue within the 12 months following the balance sheet date are classified as deferred revenue – related party, current. Amounts not

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expected to be recognized as revenue within the 12 months following the balance sheet date are classified as deferred revenue – related party.

The Company’s collaboration and revenue arrangements include the following:

Up-front License Fees: If a license is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified in the arrangement, the Company recognizes revenues from nonrefundable, up-front fees allocated to the license when the license is transferred to the licensee and the licensee is able to use and benefit from the license. For licenses that are bundled with other promises, the Company utilizes judgment to assess the nature of the combined performance obligation to determine whether the combined performance obligation is satisfied over time or at a point in time and, if over time, the appropriate method of measuring progress for purposes of recognizing revenue from non-refundable, up-front fees. The Company evaluates the measure of progress each reporting period and, if necessary, adjusts the measure of performance and related revenue recognition.

Milestone Payments: At the inception of an agreement that includes research and development milestone payments, the Company evaluates each milestone to determine when and how much of the milestone to include in the transaction price. The Company first estimates the amount of the milestone payment that the Company could receive using either the expected value or the most likely amount approach. The Company primarily uses the most likely amount approach as that approach is generally most predictive for milestone payments with a binary outcome. Then, the Company considers whether any portion of that estimated amount is subject to the variable consideration constraint (that is, whether it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue would not occur upon resolution of the uncertainty.) The Company updates the estimate of variable consideration included in the transaction price at each reporting date which includes updating the assessment of the likely amount of consideration and the application of the constraint to reflect current facts and circumstances.

Royalties: For arrangements that include sales-based royalties, including milestone payments based on a level of sales, and the license is deemed to be the predominant item to which the royalties relate, the Company will recognize revenue at the later of (i) when the related sales occur, or (ii) when the performance obligation to which some or all of the royalty has been allocated has been satisfied (or partially satisfied). To date, the Company has not recognized any revenue related to sales-based royalties or milestone payments based on the level of sales.

Research and Development Services: Under the Collaboration Agreement, the Company incurred research and development costs, with Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine responsible for up to 100% of the costs, depending on the type of research and development services being performed. The Company recorded costs associated with the development activities as research and development expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss consistent with ASC 730, Research and Development. The reimbursement of the research and development costs by Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine was representative of the joint risk sharing nature of the arrangement. The Company considered the guidance in ASC 808 and recognizes the payments received from Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine as a reduction to research and development expense when the related costs are incurred.

Manufacturing Supply Services: Arrangements that include a promise for future supply of drug substance or drug product for either clinical development or commercial supply at the customer’s discretion are generally considered options. The Company assesses if these options provide a material right to the licensee and if so, they are accounted for as separate performance obligations at the outset of the arrangement.

Customer Options: Customer options are evaluated at contract inception to determine whether those options provide a material right (i.e., an optional good or service offered for free or at a discount) to the customer. If the customer options represent a material right, the material right is treated as a separate performance obligation at the outset of the arrangement. The Company allocates the transaction price to material rights based on the standalone selling price. As a practical alternative to estimating the standalone selling price of a material right when the underlying goods or services are both (i) similar to the original goods or services in the contract and (ii) provided in accordance with the terms of the original contract, the Company allocates the total amount of consideration expected to be received from the customer to the total goods or services expected to be provided to the customer. Amounts allocated

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to any material right are recognized as revenue when or as the related future goods or services are transferred or when the option expires.

Research and Development

Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred. These costs include, but are not limited to, employee-related expenses, including salaries, benefits and travel of the Company’s research and development personnel; expenses incurred under agreements with contract research organizations and investigative sites that conduct clinical and preclinical studies and for the drug product for the clinical studies and preclinical activities; facilities; supplies; rent, insurance, certain legal fees, share-based compensation, depreciation and other costs associated with clinical and preclinical activities and regulatory operations. Research funding under collaboration agreements and refundable research and development credits / tax credits are recorded as an offset to these costs.

Costs for certain development activities, such as Company funded outside research programs, are recognized based on an evaluation of the progress to completion of specific tasks with respect to their actual costs incurred. Payments for these activities are based on the terms of the individual arrangements, which may differ from the pattern of costs incurred, and are reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements as prepaid or accrued research and development expenses, as the case may be.

Net Loss per Ordinary Share

Basic net loss per ordinary share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of the Company’s ordinary shares assumed to be outstanding during the period of computation. Diluted net loss per ordinary share is computed similar to basic net loss per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional ordinary shares that would have been outstanding if the potential ordinary share equivalents had been issued at the beginning of the year and if the additional ordinary shares were dilutive (treasury stock method) or the two-class method, whichever is more dilutive. For all periods presented, basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share are the same, as any additional ordinary share equivalents would be anti-dilutive.

The following securities are considered to be ordinary share equivalents, but were not included in the computation of diluted net loss per ordinary share because to do so would have been anti-dilutive:


	June 30,	June 30,
	2024	2023
Share options	8,336,478	8,312,875
Restricted share units	4,357,250	2,596,250
Deferred share units	287,500	185,000
Warrants	700,000	700,000
Restricted ordinary shares subject to forfeiture	—	14,049
	13,681,228	11,808,174

Segment Information

Management has concluded it has a single reporting segment for purposes of reporting financial condition and results of operations.

The Company’s license revenue, research funding and deferred revenue from the Collaboration Agreement were generated in the United Kingdom.

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The following table summarizes long-lived assets by geographical area (in thousands):


	June 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
United States	$	9,552	$	11,071
United Kingdom		31,250		33,798
European Union		106,119		112,487
	$	146,921	$	157,356

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative. This update includes a number of amendments to clarify or improve disclosure and presentation requirements of a variety of topics in order to allow users to more easily compare entities subject to the SEC’s existing disclosures with those entities that were not previously subject to the requirements and to align the requirements in the FASB accounting standard codification with the SEC’s regulations. The effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC’s removal of that related disclosure requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption prohibited. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of these amendments.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which updates reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and information used to assess segment performance. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is still in the process of determining the effect this ASU will have on the consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires that an entity disclose specific categories in the effective tax rate reconciliation as well as provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. Further, the ASU requires certain disclosures of state versus federal income tax expense and taxes paid. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company does not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-02, Codification Improvements—Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements which contains amendments to the Codification that remove references to various FASB Concepts Statements. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company does not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

3. Equity Method and Other Investments

The Company’s investments consist of the following (in thousands):


		June 30, 2024
Investee	Investment Type	Ownership Percentage		Carrying Value		Cost Basis
Visiogene LLC	Equity Method Investment	25	%	$	5,150	$	5,165
Other	Equity Investment	0.9	%		1,616		1,500
Total equity method and other investments				$	6,766	$	6,665

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4. Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses for the periods presented are comprised of the following (in thousands):


	June 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
Clinical trial costs	$	5,529	$	8,713
Research and development		3,736		5,834
Manufacturing costs		2,122		2,634
Professional fees		1,947		6,499
Compensation and benefits		1,491		12,129
Consulting		1,015		2,104
Fixed assets		704		1,472
Rent and facilities costs		248		142
Interest on Tranche 1 Notes		—		2,936
Other		136		176
	$	16,928	$	42,639

5. Share-Based Compensation

Equity Incentive Plans

The Company’s 2018 Incentive Award Plan and 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (collectively, the “Plans”) were adopted by the Company’s board of directors and shareholders. Under the Plans, the Company has granted share options and restricted share units (“RSUs”) to selected officers, employees, non-employee members of the board of directors and non-employee consultants. The Company’s board of directors or a committee thereof administers the Plans. Upon the adoption of the 2018 Incentive Award Plan, the Company ceased issuing awards under the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan.

Options

A summary of the Company’s share option activity related to employees, non-employee members of the board of directors and non-employee consultants as of December 31, 2023 and for the six-month period ended June 30, 2024 is as follows (in thousands, except share and per share amounts):


					Weighted-
			Weighted-		Average
			Average		Remaining
		Number of	Exercise		Contractual
		Options	Price		Term (years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2023		8,226,707	$	12.96	6.35	years
Granted		365,100	$	6.16
Exercised		—	$	—
Forfeited		(254,429)	$	16.24
Outstanding at June 30, 2024		8,337,378	$	12.58	5.98	years
Options exercisable at June 30, 2024		6,468,590	$	12.98	5.32	years
Options vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2024		8,336,478	$	12.58	5.98	years
Aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding as of June 30, 2024	$	540
Aggregate intrinsic value of options exercisable as of June 30, 2024	$	540

Table of Contents

Options granted under the Plans have a maximum contractual term of ten years. Options granted generally vest 25% on the first anniversary of the date of grant and the balance ratably over the next 36 months. Options granted to directors when they join the board generally vest in 36 equal monthly installments following the date of grant, and annual options granted to directors generally vest on the earlier of the first anniversary of the date of grant or the day before the Company’s annual meeting of shareholders after the date of grant.

The Company recorded the following share-based compensation expense in connection with the options for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):